Artifacts in metallography: etching pits

Color Metallography

Fig. 2 Microstructure of as-cast Au22%Al showing the “purple plague,” AuAl2 intermetallic (reddish), surrounded by the Al-AuAl2 eutectic after polishing to a 1 lm finish. Magnification bar is 50 lm long. Fig. 1 Microstructure of a porous high-carbon steel powder metallurgy specimen infiltrated with copper showing the natural color of the copper, which is easier to see when the steel has been ti...

Metallography of Aluminium alloys

This lecture aims at providing a survey of the metallographic techniques available for the examination of aluminium and its alloys. The information must be sufficient to be sure that the students and the users are able to choose the most suitable technique to solve their problems in the examination of samples. The lecture should contain a direct understanding of the main problems in the metallo...

Quantitative metallography of deformed grains

The effect of plastic deformation on the grain boundary surface area per unit volume and edge length per unit volume is examined using two methods. The first by applying homogeneous deformations to tetrakaidecahedra in a variety of orientations and the second by using the principles of stereology. It is shown that the methods produce essentially identical results. It is now possible to calculat...

Fabrication of inverted pyramidal pits with Nano-opening by laser interference lithography and wet etching

Article history: Received 29 March 2016 Received in revised form 7 June 2016 Accepted 20 June 2016 Available online 21 June 2016 In this work we demonstrate a fabrication process for three-dimensional (3D) container, which is composed of inverted pyramidal pit (IPP) and a capwith nanosized opening fabricated by combining laser interference lithography and anisotropic wet etching processes. The ...

The Metallography of Impact Fatigue